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Objective:To analyze the relevant factors of bacteriological diagnosis rate in pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province, and to provide basis for the control of tuberculosis.Methods:The results of etiology detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2020 were collected from the China Tuberculosis Information Management System. Positive detection of etiology of pulmonary tuberculosis cases was analyzed. Joinpoint regression model was constructed to evaluate the annual trend of the positive rate of etiology, and linear regression model was used to analyze the influence of new diagnostic technology on the positive detection rate of etiology in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases.Results:From 2015 to 2020, the positive rate of etiology of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province increased from 38.66%(10 588/27 385) to 64.12%(14 275/22 262), with an average annual growth rate of 8.80%. All of the 11 prefecture cities in Zhejiang Province showed an increasing trend of the positive rate of etiology. The average annual growth rates in Wenzhou City and Lishui City were 10.27% and 11.21%, respectively, and the positive rates of etiology in Jinhua City and Lishui City were 70.13%(2 007/2 862) and 73.34%(707/964) in 2020, respectively. From 2015 to 2020, smear-negative cases accounted for 61.66%(92 935/150 733) in Zhejiang Province, and the further detection rate by culture and molecular test increased from 0.13%(22/16 650) to 84.74%(11 384/13 434). The positive rate of bacteriological tests in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients increased from 0.04%(6/16 650) to 41.28%(5 546/13 434). If the culture and molecular detection rate increased to 100.00%, the linear regression model predicted positive rate of etiology could increase to 44.20%. Thus, the positive rate of etiology of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province would reach 66.00%. Up to 2020, 95.56%(86/90) and 92.22%(83/90) of tuberculosis designated hospitals were equipped with molecular and liquid diagnostic equipments, respectively, and the detection positive rates of molecular and liquid diagnostics in the etiology positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases were 71.24%(10 169/14 275) and 53.44%(7 629/14 275), respectively.Conclusions:The implementation and promotion of the new diagnostic techniques for tuberculosis, especially the molecular diagnostic techniques, could significantly improve the positive rate of etiology of pulmonary tuberculosis etiology. Methods and strategies of etiological diagnosis of tuberculosis should be paid more attention in prevention and control of tuberculosis.
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Background The thyroid gland is one of the organs sensitive to ionizing radiation, and there are few studies on the effects of long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation on the thyroid gland of radiation workers. Objective To investigate thyroid abnormalities in workers in medical radiology departments in Guangdong Province and to identify potential influencing factors of thyroid abnormalities. Methods A total of 1657 radiation workers from 48 hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected as survey subjects using convenience sampling, and their personal dose monitoring results and health examination information were retrospectively analyzed to determine the factors affecting thyroid abnormalities. Results The M (P25, P75) of thyroid absorbed dose (DT) was 1.55 (0.65, 3.96) mGy in the 1657 investigated workers. The attribute-specific medians of DT were 1.29, 1.38, 1.99, and 3.51 mGy for departments of diagnostic radiology, interventional radiology, radiotherapy, and nuclear medicine, respectively; and 1.10, 1.55, and 1.80 mGy for job titles of nurse, technician, and physician, respectively. Differences in DT by gender, age, years of radiological work, age of radiation exposure onset, occupational category, and job title were statistically significant (Z=−6.35, H=708.52, 918.20, 31.19, 95.64, 39.28, P<0.05). The positive rate of thyroid abnormalities in investigated workers was 46.53% (771/1657). Among them, the positive rate of abnormal thyroid function was 22.87% (379/1657), that of abnormal thyroid morphology was 33.98% (563/1657), and that of thyroid nodule was 26.55% (440/1657). The differences in thyroid abnormality rates by gender, age, years of radiation work, age of radiation exposure onset, DT, and job title of radiation workers were statistically significant (χ2=51.89, 49.64, 20.54, 18.29, 12.07, 16.16, P<0.05). The differences in abnormal thyroid function positive rate by gender, age of radiation exposure onset, and job title were statistically significant (χ2=26.21, 6.21, 8.32, P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of abnormal thyroid morphology and nodules were statistically significant by gender, age, years of radiological work, age of radiation exposure onset, DT, and job title (abnormal thyroid morphology, χ2=40.24, 64.17, 37.63, 15.17, 19.28, 15.05; nodules, χ2=31.41, 77.98, 42.11, 19.16, 21.70, 13.52, P<0.05). The positive rates of thyroid abnormality, thyroid morphology abnormality, and nodules all showed a linear increasing trend with increasing age, years of radiation work, and age of radiation exposure onset (P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the factors influencing thyroid abnormalities were female (OR=2.17, 95%CI: 1.72-2.74), increased years of radiological work (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.03-1.06), onset of radiation exposure in age groups of 30-34 and ≥35 years (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.12-2.37; OR=2.58, 95%CI: 1.74-3.29), and working in department of diagnostic radiology (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.07-1.84). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation has an effect on thyroid abnormalities in medical radiation workers. Among them, being female, physicians, and working in department of diagnostic radiology are at a higher risk of abnormal thyroid function; being female, increased years of radiation work, and radiation exposure onset at age ≥30 years are associated with a higher risk of reporting abnormal thyroid morphology.
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@#Abstract：Objective To carry out serological analysis of varicella⁃zoster virus（VZV）IgG antibody level in healthy people aged 1 ~ 30 years in Liaoning Province. Methods In October 2020，3～5 mL venous blood samples were collected from 617 healthy people aged 1～30 years selected from six counties and districts in Shenyang，Fuxin and Dandong of Liaoning Province by stratified random sampling method，of which serum samples were collected and determined for VZV IgG antibody level by ELISA. The positive rate of serum antibody and geometric mean concentration（GMC）of antibody were calculated and compared. Results Among 617 serum samples，302 samples were positive for VZV IgG antibody，the positive rate was 48. 947%，and the GMC was 112. 772 mIU／mL. The positive rate of VZV IgG antibody was 29. 670%～75. 789% and the GMC was 45. 508～366. 559 mIU／mL in healthy people of various ages. Both of the antibody positive rate（χ2 = 67. 104， P < 0. 001）and GMC（F = 20. 685，P < 0. 001）showed significant differences. The positive rates of VZV IgG antibody in male and female were 44. 817% and 53. 633% respectively，which showed significant difference（χ2 = 4. 779，P = 0. 029）， while the GMCs were 96. 983 and 133. 829 mIU／mL respectively（t = -1. 958，P = 0. 051）with no significant difference. The positive rates of VZV IgG antibody of healthy people in Shenyang，Fuxin and Dandong of Liaoning Province were 55. 224%，40. 201% and 51. 152% respectively with significant differences（χ2 = 9. 683，P = 0. 008），of which the positive rate of FuxinwassignificantlylowerthanthoseofShenyangandDandong（χ2 =9. 046and5. 013，P =0. 003and0. 025，respectively）； While the GMCs were 133. 523，85. 953 and 123. 713 mIU／mL respectively with no significant difference（F = 0. 514， P = 0. 598）. Among 617 serum samples，54 sampleswere suspicious，which remained within the criticalrange afterre⁃examina⁃ tion，while the gap between positive rate and the total percentage of positive and suspicious results gradually decreased with the increase of age，indicating that the immunity to varicella gradually increased with the increase of age. Conclusion The VZV⁃IgG antibody level of healthy people aged 1～30 years in Liaoning Province increased gradually with age，while the overall level was low. To control the spread of varicella virus，it is recommended to increase varicella vaccine coverage in vulnerable areas and susceptible population to build VZV immune barrier.
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【Objective】 To explore the efficacy of modified prostate tip separation technique combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy based on propensity score matching (PSM) in the treatment of prostate cancer. 【Methods】 A total of 74 prostate cancer patients treated during Jan.2019 and Dec.2022 with modified prostate tip separation technique combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were included in the combined group, and another 63 prostate cancer patients treated during the same period with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were selected as the control group. Altogether 58 pairs of patients were matched with PSM. The perioperative indicators, incidence of complications, urinary control function and sexual function before and one month after surgery between the two groups after matching were compared. 【Results】 There were no statistically significant differences in general data between the two groups (P>0.05). One month after operation, the scores of the International Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-SF) and International Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEF-5) in both groups decreased, while the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-UIN) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in both groups increased (P<0.05). The scores of ICIQ-SF [(9.02±1.98) vs. (11.38±2.04)] and IPSS [(19.67±4.19) vs. (21.68±4.23)] were lower in the combined group than in the control group (P<0.05), while the scores of EPIC-UIN [(70.49±6.82) vs. (63.34±6.48)] and IIEF-5 [(18.17±1.73) vs. (16.72±1.58)] were higher in the combined group than in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the combined group had shorter catheter retention time [(7.38±1.97) d vs. (5.11±1.82) d] and hospital stay [(13.18±2.23) d vs. (11.74±2.09) d], lower incidence of complications (22.41% vs. 6.90%), and higher positive rate of incision margin (8.62% vs. 20.69%) (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 PSM can balance the differences between groups. The modified prostate tip separation technique combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy can improve the urinary control function, have little impact on sexual function, and cause fewer postoperative complications. However, the risk of positive incision margin is high, and further modification is needed to achieve the best therapeutic effects.
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ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） in Dehong Prefecture， Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2022， so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of STDs in Dehong Prefecture. MethodsThe 2010‒2022 epidemic cards of STD cases in Dehong Prefecture were downloaded from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System， and descriptive analysis of the incidence rate and demographic characteristics by disease type was conducted. The syphilis screening data of various populations in Dehong Prefecture between 2014 and 2022 were obtained from the National STD Control and Management Information System， and the syphilis positivity rates of key populations were calculated. ResultsA total of 18 225 STD cases were reported in Dehong Prefecture from 2010 to 2022， and the reported incidence rate increased from 17.1/105 in 2010 to 172.0/105 in 2022， showing an increasing trend （χ2trend=42.9， P<0.001）. The number of reported cases of gonorrhea， syphilis， condyloma acuminatum， genital chlamydia infection， and genital herpes were 7 801 （42.8%）， 4 563 （25.0%）， 3 462 （18.8%）， 1 660 （9.1%）， and 775 （4.3%）， respectively. The majority of the reported STD cases were males （12 336 cases， 67.7%）， young adults aged 15 to <45 years （15 839 cases， 87.2%）， and farmers （9 230 cases， 50.7%）. The elderly group aged 65 years and over accounted for 10.5% of syphilis cases. Among different types of key populations， the highest syphilis positivity rate was found among men who have sex with men （10.1%）， followed by STD clinic attendees （8.1%）， and the syphilis positivity rates among clandestine prostitutes， voluntary counseling and testing population， drug addicts， and drug rehabilitation center/re-education through labor center population were 2.2%， 1.6%， 1.4%， and 1.3%， respectively. ConclusionFrom 2010 to 2022， the STD epidemic in Dehong Prefecture showed a rapidly increasing trend， with a higher incidence of gonorrhea and syphilis， and a higher syphilis positivity rate among men who have sex with men， drug addicts， clandestine prostitutes， and STD clinic patients. In the future， publicity， education and behavioral interventions for these groups should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence and transmission of STDs.
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@#Objective To optimize and verify the ELISA method for quantitative detection of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)IgG antibody potency,and use it for the screening of plasma with high potency VZV-IgG in healthy donors.Methods The VZV-IgG indirect ELISA kit from Institut VirionSerion GmbH was selected,the first international standard for varicellazoster immunoglobulin(NIBSC code:W1044)was diluted to 2 IU/mL as the standard,and 4-parameter fitting curve was used to develop the quantitative ELISA method. The method was determined for the optimal linear range and verified for the precision and accuracy. VZV-IgG antibody potency of 1 962 human plasma samples and some batches of human immunoglobulin preparations from 10 plasma stations under Sinopharm Wuhan Plasma-derived Biotherapies Co.,Ltd.(SWPB)were detected by the developed method.Results The linear range of the standard curve was 16. 25 ～ 2 000 mIU/mL,the CV values of precision in intra-and inter-assays were 1. 3% ～ 10. 6% and 4. 270% ～ 7. 636%,and the accuracy in intra-and inter-assays were 92. 30% ～ 111. 02% and 98. 40% ～ 104. 88%,respectively;Sample-adding experiment showed that the measured value of the added sample was 95. 79% ～ 111. 03% of the theoretical value. The positive rate of 1 962 human plasma samples was 94. 29%,and the samples with potency greater than 3 000 mIU/mL accounted for 1. 02%. The potency of VZV-IgG antibody in different kinds of human immunoglobulin preparations was lower,while higher than that of intravenous human immunoglobulin(pH 4).Conclusion The optimized VZV-IgG quantitative detection method can be used for the screening of VZV-IgG in healthy people. The positive rate of VZV-IgG antibody in naturally infected healthy plasma donors is high,while the potency is low,thus,vaccine immunization is required to obtain qualified plasma with high potency.
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Objective:To explore the positive rate of scanning laser ophthalmoscope in the retromode (RM-SLO) in different types of diabetic macular edema (DME), and to analyze its correlation with foveal thickness (CMT) and macular volume.Methods:From March to May 2021, 40 patients (65 eyes) were diagnosed as DME by fundus examination combined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou were included in the study. All eyes underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT and RM-SLO fundus imaging examinations, 47 eyes underwent fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) examination. RM-SLO fundus imaging examinations were performed with Mirante SLO, including retro mode illumination deviated right (RMDR) and retro mode illumination deviated left (RMDL). If one or more of the RMDR and RMDL of the examined patient can identify macular edema, RM-SLO was considered to be able to identify macular edema. The macular volume at CMT and 6 mm from the fovea was measured by OCT software. DME were divided into 3 types based on OCT images: diffuse retinal thinkening (DRT) type; cystoid macular edema(CME) type; serous retinal detachment (SRD) type, focal leakage type, diffuse leakage type and diffuse cystic leakage type. The consistency of RMDR and RMDL in the diagnosis of DME in RM-SLO fundus imaging was evaluated, as well as their positive rate in different classifications of DME. The correlation between the detection of macular edema by RM-SLO and the DME type, CMT and foveal volume, and the correlation between BCVA and edema type, CMT and macular volume were analyzed.Results:Among 65 eyes, the positive rates of RMDR and RMDL fundus imaging to detect DME were 46 (70.77%, 46/65) and 48 (73.85%, 48/65), respectively. There was good consistency in identifying DME (Kappa value=0.770; P<0.001). The positive rates of RMDR and RMDL fundus imaging DRT, CME and SRD type of DME were 42.11% (8/19), 57.89% (11/19), 77.78% (28/36), 77.78% (28/36), 100.00% (10/10), 90.00% (9/10), respectively. In the FFA classification of them, the positive rates of focal leakage, diffuse leakage and diffuse cystic leakage were 68.75% (11/16), 62.50% (10/16), 68.00% (17/25), 76.00% (19/25), 100.00% (6/6), 100.00% (6/6), respectively. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that whether RM-SLO could identify DME was associated with CMT and OCT classification ( r=0.310, 0.365; P=0.120, 0.003); there was no correlation between FFA classification and macular volume ( r=0.113, 0.117; P=0.449, 0.352). BCVA was correlated with CMT and macular volume ( r=0.307, 0.269; P=0.013, 0.030), however, there was no significant correlation with OCT type, angiographic type ( r=0.051, 0.175; P=0.684, 0.240). Conclusion:The diagnostic agreement of DME are good between RMDR, RMDL of RM-SLO image. DME of DRT type and patients with smaller CMT in OCT are difficult to identified by RM-SLO fundus imaging.
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【Objective】 To investigate the effect of trehalose added to M-Sol on platelet preservation at 4℃ in vitro. 【Methods】 Seven bags of ABO homotype concentrated platelets were randomly selected and divided into 7 groups according to storage temperature, preservation medium and trehalose concentration: 22℃+ PRP group, PRP group, M-Sol+ PRP group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 1 g/L trehalose group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 5 g/L trehalose group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 15 g/L trehalose group and M-Sol+ PRP+ 25 g/L trehalose group. PRP group and M-Sol preservation groups were stored at 4℃. Plt, PDW, MPV, maximum aggregation, CD62p positive rate, GLU and LAC concentration were detected on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after preservation, and the changes of GLU and LAC concentration within 7 days were calculated. 【Results】 With the extension of preservation time, Plt decreased in all groups, and there was no significant difference among groups at the same time (P>0.05). PDW and MPV increased in all groups. When preserved to the 7th day, the PDW 10.22±0.43(fL) and MPV 8.74±0.40(fL) of M-Sol+ PRP+ 5 g/L trehalose group were the lowest, which was significantly different from that of 22℃+ PRP group (P0.05). During the preservation period, the maximum aggregation degree of each group decreased gradually. Except for the PRP group, the maximum aggregation degree of the M-Sol+ PRP+ 5g/L trehalose group was the highest(27.29±6.62), which was significantly higher than that of the 22℃+ PRP group on the 7th day after preservation (P<0.05). On the 7th day after preservation, the positive rate of CD62p in M-Sol+ PRP+ 5g/L trehalose group was the lowest(15.46±2.46), and there was significantly different compared with other groups (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Adding appropriate concentration of trehalose to M-Sol can inhibit platelet activation at 4℃ and reduce platelet storage lesion.
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【Objective】 To analyze the profile, preliminary screening and laboratory test results of voluntary blood donors in the past five years, so as to provide basis for formulating the recruitment strategy, ensuring clinical blood use and improving blood safety and quality. 【Methods】 789 570 voluntary blood donors from 2016 to 2020 were classified according to the category, and the positive rate of blood testing results was statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The proportion of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI), including HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-T, and anti-HIV, was led by HBsAg, except for anti-TP leading in 2018. The positive rate of ELISA items and ALT tests showed statistical significance by age groups(P0.05). The positive rate of preliminary screening and laboratory testing showed differences among occupation and educational background(P0.05). The number of HIV positive males (n=228) was higher than that of females(n=3), and the proportion of workers (23.08%~40.74%) and staff (16.67%~46.67%) were large. In 2020, however, the proportion of HIV infected students increased sharply to 21.62%. Sole HBV DNA positive cases was the most (n=460), while the number of sole HIV RNA(n=3) and HCV RNA positive cases (n=6) were rather low. 【Conclusion】 Targeted recruitment strategies should be formulated according to the profile and test results of voluntary blood donors to further improve blood test ability and ensure blood safety.
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【Objective】 To investigate the CMV-IgG positive yeild among blood donors in Guangzhou and explore the differences in the efficacy of three test reagents, aimed at improving blood safety and service capacity of blood centers. 【Methods】 A total of 630 blood samples from eligible blood donors from July to October 2020 in our center were randomly selected and screened for CMV-IgG by one ELISA reagent.Among them, 180 samples were tested in parallel using three reagents (two ELISA reagents and one ECLIA reagent), and those tested negative were conducted quantitative CMV-DNA detection.The test results of different reagents were compared and analyzed. 【Results】 Out of the 630 samples, a total of 598 positive samples were screened out, including 180 samples yielded by three reagents, 171 and 175 by the two ELISA reagents, respectively, and 175 by ECLIA.The results given by three reagents were consistent (Kappa>0.4), and no significant difference in the positive yeild by three reagents was found.In the 180 samples, 11 were negative, among which 3, 2 and 6 samples were negative by all three reagents, two reagents and one reagent (ELISA), respectively.All the 11 samples were tested negative for CMV-DNA. 【Conclusion】 The yeild of positive CMV-IgG in blood donors was 94.9% (598/630), suggesting a high prevalence of CMV in Guangzhou. CMV serologically negative blood should be considered when providing blood products to immunocompromised patients to improve the safety of recipients.The detection results of ELISA reagents and ECLIA reagent for CMV- IgG are consistent, but ECLIA reagent has better detection efficacy.
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【Objective】 To analyze the syphilis(TP) screening results of blood donors in Yinchuan from 2018 to 2021, and to provide scientific basis for assessing the risk of syphilis infection among the blood donors. 【Methods】 Retrospective statistical analysis was conducted on blood donors positive to syphilis in Yinchuan from 2018 to 2021, and the characteristics of syphilis positive individuals were analyzed. 【Results】 From 2018 to 2021, 561 blood donors in Yinchuan were positive in syphilis antibody, and the positive rate decreased year by year(P<0.05). The positive rate of syphilis in male(0.28%, 323/116 252) is lower than that in female(0.35%, 238/67 065). The positive rates were the highest in groups 45~54 years old(0.50%, 145/28 736), junior high school below(0.43%, 160/37 559) /unknown education background(0.57%, 160/37 559), and freelancer(0.52%, 104/20 110) /unknown occupation(0.59%, 7/1 159). 【Conclusion】 The education concerning sexually transmitted diseases should be enhanced in female, middle-aged, low-educated, freelanced, and student population to promote the personal protection awareness. Also, the health consultation and personal information entry should be strengthened by blood centers to build lower-risk and fixed donation groups in the future.
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【Objective】 To analyze the discriminatory positive rate(DPR)of individual donor-nucleic acid test (ID-NAT)mode of blood screening laboratories in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, explore the possible reasons for DPR differences among blood station laboratories and the measures to lesson the differences, in order to lay a foundation for realizing the homogenization of detection quality of blood screening laboratories in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. 【Methods】 The number of triplex-positive samples and discriminatory -positive samples of A, B, C, and D blood station laboratories, which submitted to ID-NAT system, in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from January to December 2018 were collected by a questionnaire of Quality Supervise Index of Blood Station Laboratories in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. The triplex-positive samples were divided into solo-positive samples(NAT+ ELISA-) and dual-positive samples(NAT+ ELISA+ ). The changes of total DPR of A, B and C blood screening laboratories in different months was analyzed and compared respectively. The differences of total DPR of ID-NAT, DPR of NAT+ ELISA+ samples, and DPR between NAT+ ELISA-samples and NAT+ ELISA+ samples of A, B, and C blood screening laboratories during January 2018 to December 2018 was analyzed and compared. The difference of DPR of NAT+ ELISA-samples among A, B, C, and D blood station laboratories was also compared. 【Results】 Significant difference in total DPR was noticed in different months of A, B, and C blood station laboratories from January to December 2018(P<0.05), with the highest DPRs of A, B and C laboratory at 91.67%, 72.73%. and 80.39%, the lowest DPRs at 65.88%, 21.05%, and 7.69%, respectively. Significant statistical differences in the total DPR and the DPR of NAT+ ELISA+ samples were found among A, B, and C blood station laboratories(P<0.05). Significant statistical differences in the DPR of NAT+ ELISA- samples were found among A, B, C, and D laboratories(P<0.05). The DPR of NAT+ ELISA+ samples of A and B blood station laboratories (95.97% and 85.25%) were significantly higher than those of NAT+ ELISA-samples (36.36% and 30.71%)(P<0.05). However, the DPR of NAT+ ELISA+ samples of C blood station laboratory (32.63%) was significantly lower than that of NAT+ ELISA-samples (44.39%)(P <0.05). 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in the total DPR, the DPR of NAT+ ELISA-samples and NAT+ ELISA+ samples that were detected by ID-NAT system in 2018 among blood station laboratories in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, and the total discriminatory positive rate in different months was also different for the same blood station. It is necessary to explore the reasons leading to the differences and seek solutions in order to achieve the homogenization of detection quality of blood screening laboratories in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.
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Objective:To compare the pathological results and complications of limited and extended pelvic lymph node dissection among high-risk prostate cancer patients, and to explore the risk factors that affect the rate of lymph node metastasis in high-risk prostate cancer patients.Methods:The data of 800 high-risk prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection from January 2016 to December 2020 in three affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the scope of pelvic lymph node dissection, they were divided into limited pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) group and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (EPLND) group. There were 172 patients underwent LPLND, and 628 patients underwent EPLND.The age of the patients in the LPLND group was 67 (62, 72) years old, diagnosed PSA 20.7 (10.9, 54.8) ng/ml. The biopsy Gleason score 6 in 22 cases, 7 in 59 cases, 8 in 56 cases and 9-10 in 35 cases.The clinical T stage: T 1 in 29 cases, T 2 in 102 cases, T 3 in 37 cases, T 4 in 4 cases; N 0 in 160 cases and N 1 in 12 cases. 50 patients received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. The age of patients in the EPLND group was 67 (63, 72) years old, diagnosed PSA was 23.9 (14.0, 46.8) ng/ml. Biopsy Gleason Score 6 in 51 cases, 7 in 194 cases, 8 in 218 cases and 9-10 in 165 cases. Clinical T stage: T 1 in 114 cases, T 2 in 341 cases, T 3 in 144 cases, T 4 in 29 cases; N 0 in 526 cases and N 1 in 102 cases.158 patients received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. There were no significant differences in the age, PSA, puncture Gleason score, clinical T stage, and whether or not to receive neoadjuvant hormonal therapy between the two groups of patients ( P>0.05). The difference in clinical N staging was statistically significant ( P=0.002). The number of postoperative lymph nodes, positive pelvic lymph nodes and postoperative complications and other related clinical and pathological data of the two groups were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of patients with positive lymph nodes. Results:The median number of lymph nodes harvested [13(8, 19)vs. 6(4, 13), P<0.001] and the rate of positive lymph node cases[31.2%(196/628) vs. 10.5%(18/172), P<0.001] in the EPLND group was significantly higher than those in the LPLND group. Preoperative PSA, clinical N staging, Gleason score, and way of lymph node dissection were independent risk factors for postoperative positive pelvic lymph node in high-risk prostate cancer patients. Compared with the LPLND group, the ELPND group had a higher postoperative complication rate [19.9%(125/628) vs. 11.0%(11/172), P=0.007]. Conclusions:Compared with the LPLND, EPLND in high-risk prostate cancer patients can harvest more lymph nodes and increase the detection rate of positive lymph nodes. The complications of EPLND were higher than those of LPLND. Preoperative PSA, clinical N stage, Gleason score, and the way of lymph node dissection are independent risk factors for positive pelvic lymph node dissection.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of respiratory control measures before and after COVID-19 epidemic on influenza virus. MethodsThe percentage of influenza-like cases， the positive rate of influenza virus and the change of influenza outbreaks before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were compared and analyzed by selecting the data of influenza surveillance sentinel-points in Shanghai. ResultsThe percentage of influenza-like illness after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 was significantly higher than that during the same period between 2017 and 2019. The positive rate of influenza virus detection in 2020 was significantly lower than the average rate of influenza virus detection from 2017 to 2019 with significant statistical difference （χ 2=2 359.07， P<0.001）. The number of outbreaks in 2020 was significantly lower than that from 2017 to 2019. ConclusionDuring the respiratory season， personal protection and reduction of human aggregation can effectively reduce the infection of influenza and the incidence of influenza in the population.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of respiratory control measures before and after COVID-19 epidemic on influenza virus. MethodsThe percentage of influenza-like cases， the positive rate of influenza virus and the change of influenza outbreaks before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were compared and analyzed by selecting the data of influenza surveillance sentinel-points in Shanghai. ResultsThe percentage of influenza-like illness after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 was significantly higher than that during the same period between 2017 and 2019. The positive rate of influenza virus detection in 2020 was significantly lower than the average rate of influenza virus detection from 2017 to 2019 with significant statistical difference （χ 2=2 359.07， P<0.001）. The number of outbreaks in 2020 was significantly lower than that from 2017 to 2019. ConclusionDuring the respiratory season， personal protection and reduction of human aggregation can effectively reduce the infection of influenza and the incidence of influenza in the population.
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Objective To explore the advantages of automatic chromosome harvester in lymphocyte micronucleus test. Methods The peripheral blood of 80 radiation workers was collected, then lymphocytes were harvested with an automatic chromosome harvester and manual methods. After Giemsa stained the slides, the micronucleus of the lymphocytes was analyzed under a microscope. Results For lymphocytes from the same batch of specimens, the time of the automatic harvester (185 min) was less than that of the artificial group (350 min). The micronucleus rate (1.04‰ ± 0.63‰), micronucleus cell rate (0.89‰ ± 0.69) and micronucleus positive rate (70.0%) that obtained by the harvester were all higher than manual method (0.60‰ ± 0.68‰, 0.51‰ ± 0.55‰, 48.8%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion The automatic chromosome harvester can shorten the experimental operation time, reduce the workload of laboratory personnel, and protect the physical and mental health of laboratory personnel. At the same time, it can increase the detection rate of lymphocyte micronucleus, which can provide more accurate detection data for the clinic.
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Objective@#To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection in sentinel surveillance in Liaoning Province from 2015 to 2019, in order to provide evidence for the precise prevention and control of HCV.@*Methods@#The HCV sentinel surveillance data of 5 kinds of populations, including dialyzed patients, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, family planning outpatients, people receiving physical examination and unpaid blood donators in Liaoning Province from 2015 to 2019 were retrieved, and the HCV positive rates of different years, gender and age groups in the five populations were analyzed. @*Results@#There were 26 000 persons surveyed and 61 HCV positive cases were detected from 2015 to 2019. The HCV positive rate was 0.23%. The HCV positive rates of dialyzed patients, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, family planning outpatients, people receiving physical examination and unpaid blood donators were 0.40%, 0.70%, 0.25%, 0.24% and 0.14%, respectively. The HCV positive rates of dialyzed patients, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, and unpaid blood donators had significant downward trends ( P<0.05 ). The HCV positive rates of males and females were 0.22% and 0.26%, without any significant difference ( P>0.05 ). The HCV positive rate of people aged above 70 years old was 1.15%, the highest among different age groups. @*Conclusions@#The prevalence of HCV infection among the patients with hemodialysis and with invasive diagnosis and treatment is relatively high. The level of HCV antibody of older age groups should be monitored regularly.
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【Objective】 To retrospectively analyse the quality status and annual trend of centralized blood screening across the regions of Hubei province, and discuss the effect and advantages of the application of centralized blood screening across blood establishment. 【Methods】 Blood screening results of five blood establishment across Hubei province from 2005 to 2019 were statistically analyzed. The sample size, overall rate of qualified blood donations, overall and annual rate of positive testing items were compared among regions. 【Results】 There were differences in blood quality among different regions of Hubei province. In Wuhan, Ezhou, Xiantao, Tianmen and Qianjiang, the overall rate of qualified blood donations was 97.1%(2 466 396/2 538 871), 96.5%(85 405/88 547), 95.2%(59 087/62 047), 95.5%(68 920/72 146) and 94.7%(34 274/36 188), respectively; the overall deferral rate of ALT was 1.472% (37 374/2 538 871), 2.024% (1 792/88 547), 2.840% (1 762/62 047), 2.476% (1 786/72 146) and 3.777% (1 367/36 188), with significant differences across regions; the overall positive rate of HBsAg was 0.587% (14 897/2 538 871), 0.664% (588/88 547), 1.094% (679/62 047), 1.282% (925/72 146) and 0.862% (312/36 188), with significant differences across regions. The deferral rate of ALT showed a downward trend by year in these five regions from 2005 to 2019.An decreasing trend in the seroprevalence of HBV was noticed in Wuhan, Tianmen, and Qianjiang, HCV in Wuhan, Ezhou, and Tianmen, as well as syphilis infections in Wuhan. 【Conclusion】 Centralized blood screening can optimize the allocation of testing resources, reveal problems during blood collection and supply and improve the ability to guarantee blood safety. Future efforts are needed to expand the scope of centralized blood screening and seek for a centralized screening mode suitable for local situation.
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【Objective】 To analyze the positive rate of antibodies against human leukocyte antigen(HLA)and MHC class I chain-related gene A(MICA) in the convalescent plasma from individuals recovered from COVID-19. 【Methods】 HLA-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ and MICA antibodies were screened simultaneously by Luminex platform. The specificity of HLA-Ⅰ and -Ⅱ antibodies was identified by single antigen reagents.The positive rate of antibody in different groups were compared by Chi-square test. 【Results】 A total of 88 cases of convalescent plasma were collected, among which the positive rates of HLA-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ and MICA antibodies were 18.19%, 19.32% and 10.23%, respectively, and 64 individuals (72.73%) were negative for HLA-Ⅰ and -Ⅱ antibodies. 95 blood donors were randomly selected as the control group, and the positive rate of HLA-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ and MICA antibodies were 8.42%, 13.68% and 10.53%, respectively, and 76 individuals(80.00%) were negative for HLA-Ⅰ and -Ⅱ antibodies. There were no significant difference in the positive rates of HLA-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ and MICA antibodies between convalescent individuals and control group. The specificity of HLA antibody to epitopes was different in each convalescent individual with positive HLA antibodies, and most antibodies were targeted to the epitopes of multiple HLA alleles. 【Conclusion】 A certain proportion of HLA antibody was found in the convalescent plasma of individuals recovered from COVID-19. Therefore, HLA antibody screening is helpful to improve the safety of transfusion.
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Objective To evaluate clinical factors associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection and probe into the effects of different influenza-like illness(ILI) definitions on influenza surveillance in hospitalized children. Methods The influenza surveillance on the hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection was carried out in Soochow university affiliated children’s hospital from October 2017 to May 2018. The definition of influenza-like illness(ILI), which proposed by world health organization (WHO), the European center for disease prevention and control (ECDC) and ministry of public health of China, was analyzed to determine the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), sensibility, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values of the ILI definition using the laboratory evidence of influenza virus infection as golden criteria. Logistic regression model was employed to explore the risk factors of the laboratory confirmed influenza infection among the hospitalized children. Results Of the enrolled 1 459 hospitalized children, 204(14.0%) were lab-confirmed influenza cases. The ECDC definition had the highest sensitivity (91.7%, 95% CI: 87.9%-95.5%) but the lowest specificity (44.6%, 95% CI: 41.9%-47.4%). The WHO definition had the lowest specificity (70.6%, 95% CI: 64.3%-76.8%). China’s definition was the most discriminant definition with relatively high sensitivity (91.2%, 95% CI: 87.3%-95.1%) and specificity (51.5%, 95% CI: 48.8%-54.3%), and its positive area under curve value (71.2%, 95% CI: 67.9%-74.5%) was the highest. Multivariate analysis model showed that the detection rate of influenza virus in children with fever (≥38 ℃) was higher than that in children without fever (OR=7.03, 95% CI:3.89-12.70). Conclusions It is suggested to adopt China’s ILI definition to get better output during influenza surveillance among hospitalized children.